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yang - 新聞 | 2020-06-08 | 人氣:1359

前瞻後續預算審查 0-2歲公共托育應持續擴大
減輕家長們在托育時遇到的負擔跟壓力!

在台灣要抽到公幼及公托,從來不是件容易的事,最近各地方都在在報名公幼及抽籤,相信很多家長能感同身受,也有所質疑,我們的公共托育量能,是否能夠擴大?
⋯⋯
然而,台灣少子化問題至今仍非常嚴重,以近五年的出生人口數來看,以每年 5 千至 1 萬的遞減,2020 年一到四月統計,至今為5萬3千人,預計會比去年更低。

也因為如此,行政院推動《我國少子女化對策計畫》,其中「擴大公共化教保服務量」是我非常關心的議題!因為我一直堅信,有平價、安全、普及的公共托育,才能有效地減輕家長育兒負擔,增加生育的意願。

而在衛福部負責的0~2歲的公共托育部分,我認為還有許多不足之處:

enlightened 說好的家外送托目標呢?達成率不到一半!

林萬億政委在 2018 年時,曾數度表示,要在 4 年內將家外送托率達到 20 ~ 30 %,但根據 2019 年 7 月的報告,家外送托率僅 12 %,離政委的目標甚遠。

我期望衛福部審慎思考及規劃達到此目標的策略。

enlightened支持體系公共化的投注不足!

對比教育部在公共化幼兒園積極的擴展量能,目前公共化機構(公立幼兒園+非營利幼兒園)約佔 36 %~ 37 %,反觀衛福部負責的0~2歲公共化機構的比例(公共托育家園+公辦民營托嬰中心)則只有 27 %,不到 3 成。

綜合以上兩個指標,可看出台灣目前在公共托育上的問題:家外的支持體系不足,而支持體系公共化的投注也不夠。

對此,我昨天也在質詢時提出數個政策建議,希望衛福部能考量,並改善前瞻計畫目前的推動方向:

enlightened 每年應設立公共托育家園擴編人數目標

以「我國少子女化對策計畫(107年-111年)」中的資料來看,教育部已明確訂定每年擴編的目標人數及園數,反觀衛福部僅公布園數。

建議衛福部應有每年擴編的人數目標,以協助檢討目前推動的策略。

enlightened公辦民營托嬰中心也應納入補助

過往衛福部僅補助公共托育家園,對於「公辦民營托嬰中心」,衛福部僅表示「尊重地方政府」。然而因為家園政策的托育規模較小,在非都市區,相對難找到團體委託。

因此,我認為衛福部應該多管齊下,將公辦民營托嬰中心納入補助的範疇。

enlightened補助公辦民營托嬰中心,應訂定每班人數上限

目前疫情雖然趨於穩定,但仍必須做好未來可能流感化的準備,為了降低交叉感染,我認為被補助的托嬰中心,應訂定「每班人數上限」,對此這部份今年三月我就曾提出兒少法修法法案,而民團也在去年呼籲「托嬰中心小班制」、「要合理人數分班,拒大型集體化托嬰」。

其次,考量公共托育家園跟托嬰中心的收托量不同,應思考不同規模的補助。

enlightened補助項目應視實務需求,增加誘因!

針對目前的補助依據《少子化友善育兒空間建設之建構零至二歲兒童社區公共托育計畫補助及評選作業要點》,我們可看到,補助的項目大多為開辦的硬軟體,但我們看了地方政府的計畫後,發現地方政府補助的項目,還包含了開辦前的規劃及搬遷費用,甚至能運用至其它硬體空間的整理,並且包含了運行時相關經費等,不只更彈性,也更貼近實務需求,增加政府單位配合開辦的誘因。

以上四點,我呼籲衛福部能好好思考。

少子化是國安問題,而台灣在這部分一直不見好轉的跡象,也因此,我們更應該認真思考,如何讓政策運作的更順利,讓公共托育能更有效地擴大,讓父母敢生、願意生,減輕家長們在托育時遇到的負擔跟壓力!


兒童節前夕,提出《兒少權法》、《幼照法》修正案!:https://reurl.cc/pdvgda

打造更好的托育環境!/2020.04.07總質詢:https://reurl.cc/X6ReOE

托育相關政策想法:https://reurl.cc/Qdanp5

托育機構的協助改善與監督管理:https://reurl.cc/vDL3nN

親子政策:https://reurl.cc/b5m45E

 

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